While central EV purchase subsidies for urban passenger electric vehicles were cancelled at the end of 2022, China’s government still plans to use purchase subsidies to spur the adoption of hydrogen FCEVs, intelligent networked EVs, and EVs in rural areas (Ministry of Transport of China, 2022, National Energy Administration of China, 2022).
Fig. 3 presents the average purchase subsidy per vehicle by city in 2018. 5 The overall average was 36890 CNY per vehicle. This was about 18.5% of the average manufacturer-recommended retail price for EVs of about 200000 CNY in China between 2015 and 2018 (Li et al., 2022), which is quite large.
The results of a counterfactual simulation indicate that the subsidy cost of reducing CO 2 emissions via an increase in the per-vehicle subsidy rate under China’s purchase subsidy scheme has been about 4453 CNY (US$712) per tonne. This is expensive, and higher than most estimates of the global SCC.
According to the annual reports of CATL, which in 2023 held a 43.1% share of the Chinese market and 36.8% of the global market, its government subsidies have risen from $76.7 million in 2018 to $809.2 million in 2023 (see Figure 3). EVE Energy, which ranks 4th in China, pulled in $208.9 million in subsidies in 2023.
Under the new policy, which will remain effective until December 31, 2024, China will provide a one-time fixed subsidy to personal consumers who scrap vehicles that meet emission standards of China III or below, or those NEVs registered before April 30, 2018.
Subsidies for trade-ins of fuel passenger vehicles have been raised from 7,000 yuan to 15,000 yuan. The new policy applies to all subsidy applications submitted between April 24 this year and Jan. 10, 2025.
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