This is called the charging system. As you’ll learn below, the solar battery charging process is also a controlled chain of events to prevent damage. The solar battery charging system is only complete if these components are in working order: the array or panels, the charge controller, and the batteries.
At the heart of this process is the solar charge controller’s ability to discern the battery’s current state of charge. It does this by measuring the voltage, which gives an indication of the battery’s overall charge level. Based on this information, the controller adjusts the power output from the solar panels.
The diagram below shows the working principle of the most basic solar charge and discharge controller. The system consists of a PV module, battery, controller circuit, and load. Switch 1 and Switch 2 are the charging switch and the discharging switch, respectively.
The solar battery charging system is only complete if these components are in working order: the array or panels, the charge controller, and the batteries. Here is what happens right from when sunlight hits the panel to when the battery receives and stores energy:
Charging your battery involves several stages and includes different parts of the PV system. This is called the charging system. As you’ll learn below, the solar battery charging process is also a controlled chain of events to prevent damage.
Overcharging can lead to excessive gassing, heat generation, and even dangerous situations like battery explosions in severe cases. By moderating the charge, solar charge controllers ensure that the batteries are charged efficiently and safely, promoting longer battery life and maintaining the integrity of the solar power system.
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