New Energy Battery Nickel Cadmium

What is the energy density of a nickel cadmium battery?

The energy density of a typical nickel–cadmium cell is 20 Wh/kg and 40 Wh/L. The nominal voltage of the nickel–cadmium battery cell is 1.2 V. Although the battery discharge rate and battery temperature are an important variable for chemical batteries, these parameters have little effect in nickel–cadmium batteries compared to lead–acid batteries.

Why is nickel cadmium a good battery?

In recent years, it is considered as a battery that provides good balance in terms of specific energy, specific power, cycle life, and reliability. Because cadmium is toxic and environmentally hazardous, recovery of nickel–cadmium batteries is very important and complex. Their use has been discontinued due to the damage to the environment.

Why are nickel cadmium batteries so expensive?

Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries have high power and energy density, high efficiency of charge/discharge, and a low cycle life (Table 2). The primary demerit of Ni-Cd batteries is a relatively high cost because the manufacturing process is expensive.

What is a nickel cadmium secondary battery?

The nickel–cadmium secondary battery contains NiOOH/nickel hydroxide as a positive active material, cadmium/cadmium hydroxide as a negative active material, and an aqueous solution containing potassium hydroxide as the main component as an electrolyte. Generally the charge-and-discharge reaction is shown in the following formulas 1, 2 and 3.

Are cadmium & nickel batteries safe to recycle?

It has been estimated that the extraction of cadmium and nickel from spent Ni-Cd batteries requires up to 46% and 75% less energy, respectively, compared to the extraction and cleaning of the primary metal from mineral ores . However, such an approach is considered to be one of the most dangerous in terms of recycling .

What is the recycling efficiency of nickel cadmium batteries?

The recycling efficiency of nickel-cadmium batteries is in the range of 75–85% (similar to lead-acid batteries). According to Figure 5, from 2009 to 2011, the input fractions of nickel-cadmium batteries were 5000 tons, jumping to 14,000 tons in 2012. In recent years, the recycling rate of Ni-Cd batteries was 7000–8000 tons. Figure 5.