Economic Analysis of Liquid Nitrogen Energy Storage

What is a nitrogen economy?

The nitrogen economy The nitrogen economy is a proposed future system in which nitrogen compounds are produced to help meet the demands of the fertilizer and energy sectors. Nitrogen-based fuels can be used as hydrogen carriers, which can be safely stored and handled , , relying on existing infrastructure.

Is a model nitrogen-based fuel economically feasible?

An economic feasibility of a model nitrogen-based fuel. A levelized cost of energy storage index is used in technology assessment. Critical factors for the suggested technology implementation are outlined. Nitrogen economy is applicable in both fertilizer and energy sectors.

What is liquid air energy storage (LAEs)?

6. Concluding remarks Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is becoming an attractive thermo-mechanical storage solution for decarbonization, with the advantages of no geological constraints, long lifetime (30–40 years), high energy density (120–200 kWh/m 3), environment-friendly and flexible layout.

How can nitrogen economic flexibility be achieved?

An advantageous economic flexibility can be achieved by expanding the nitrogen economy to both fertilizer and energy sectors, thereby balancing the price of electricity and fertilizer products.

What factors influence the expansion of the nitrogen economy?

The critical factor that influences the expansion of the nitrogen economy into the energy sector is the price of hydrogen. In the future when cost effective technology for producing hydrogen will be ready, nitrogen-based fuels will be economically competitive with current mature technologies such as PHS, CAES and peaking power plants.

Is ammonia a part of the nitrogen economy?

Ammonia is the simplest representative of the nitrogen economy, referred to as the ammonia economy , , and also the second-largest synthetic commodity produced worldwide . Currently, about 80% of ammonia production is consumed by the fertilizer industry .